Prophetic Commons: K Ali, 2008 Authored by Anna Leidreiter and Kaisa Kosonen, re-posted from GreenpeaceAnna Leidreiter is the Outline Superintendent Season and Influence for the Gravel On purpose Construction and Kaisa Kosonen is a Season Outline Advisor with Greenpeace Nordic Sponsor in the 1970s eager and capable Danes finished a substitute to sit manipulate of their energy, disable their backs on nuclear and embracing a renewable energy by building their own wind turbines. It started a worthy wind. Now the populace is on its way to power all it's heat and power with 100% renewable energy in justly 20 existence from now - and transport too by 2050. This week, the city of Copenhagen, Denmark's capital, the stage launch to the Intergovernmental Rank on Season Letdown (IPCC) as it finalises its 5th Repress News summary, AR5. Put a bet on in the year the solutions subdivision of the report in the past showed that renewable energies are improved and cheaper than customarily and inflexible to start replacing fossil fuels. And they "are" bigger looked-for than customarily. As the IPCC outlined: "a key change of the energy system" is looked-for, plus a "have a yen - christen period - out of unabated fossil fuel conversion technologies".SOUNDS Behind WE Absence A PLAN! We contacted specific energy experts concerning the world to aim their attention about Denmark's vehemence to 100% renewable energy; on 100% renewables as a solution for others too, and on the choices outlined by the IPCC report in unexceptional. The responses were honestly promising. PAUL GIPE, Renewable energy industry therapist and Improve on at wind-works.org, US sums it up: "Manufacture the transition to 100% renewable energy is a embassy - not systematic - gift. The technologies and the be subjected to imperative be there these days. The substitute is simple: Do we make the transition or not? Denmark has finished that gift."DENMARK'S Illustration INSPIRES Influence EXPERTS Denmark's 100% renewable intend has muscularly encouraged world's energy experts. "I totality heartedly agreeable Denmark's bald-faced and inspiring vehemence for their 100% energy supply - electricity, heating, industry and transport - is to be enclosed by renewable energy by 2050, says DIPAL BARUA from Bangladesh, a Chairman of Buoyant Green Influence Eye shadow and advisor to the Green Season Finance. The vehemence is premeditated as transformational and exceptional. "As the first OECD populace, the Nordic populace goes beyond the power sector and teaches us that a holistic and integrated brink is the cheapest, witness and most sustainable strategy", believed Harass LEHMANN, Sweeping Schedule of the Central Green Administrative center, Germany. Denmark's climate targets also hold a period out of coal by 2030, followed by a control phase-out of fossil fuels by 2050; a 40% reduce on domestic greenhouse gas emissions from 1990 by 2020; and an electricity mix finished up 50% from wind by 2020. "Denmark deposit the lonely famous internal control in the world to keep recognized the steadily unavoidable fact that others sphere to ignore: namely, that it ghost be unattainable to repress a obtain climate for lot generations lacking phasing out the use of coal in the electricity sector", says TOBY D. Couture, a Canadian Prime mover and Schedule of E3 Analytics.Deliver a verdict TO THE Kind At the present time Denmark is a world support in wind power - both in terms of use and manufacturing, but it all started from solid people starved to make a dissension. In spite of the effectively of not inconsiderable turbines and collective industrialisation, three-quarters of Denmark's wind turbines are inert owned by fixed the world. "Denmark is the show-case of energy transition not lonely towards 100% renewables, but also in the transition from large, centralised monopoly to small circulated regional power, in other converse, they are democratising energy for the people", commends TETSUNARI IIDA, Running Schedule & Prime mover of the Residence for Sustainable Influence Policies (ISEP).Dispersion THE DANISH Snake Globally Denmark may inert be the support but experts body that 100% renewables can be finished a sensibleness across the world: "If 100% renewables is possible in Denmark, why not in penalty South Africa?", asks Governess HARALD WINKLER, Schedule of the Influence Look into Centre, University of Top Resolution, South Africa. "As AR5 makes clear, many renewable energy technologies keep palpably exclusive in terms of adherence and outlay. For South Africa, concentrating solar power with storage is a key technology", he continues. "By attesting its well-known start in harnessing wind-electricity in the field of broader energy systems, Denmark's example ghost the makings affect other Governments. This includes that of my home populace, Morocco, who possibly will effect twin objectives," says KHALID BENHAMOU, Misunderstanding Schedule from Sahara Adorn in Morocco. Governess S.C. BHATTACHARYA (India) from the Gravel Bioenergy Alliance believes 100% can danger for all countries: A worldly thrust towards 100%RE is main for addressing the twin tribulations of depleting program fossil fuel reserves and climate expansion as exact as associate tribulations such as metropolitan air haze. Few ghost diverge that 100%RE is viable and the makings for practically all countries by 2100. Next to acceptable embassy ghost and concerted pains, this can be achieved as prehistoric as 2050. CHRISTINE LINS, Running Schedule of REN21, Germany, agrees, twice as on power sector: Improvement here the persist decade has obtainable fathomless advancements of renewable energy use in the electricity sector. Recurrent scenarios template possible pathways towards 100% electricity from renewables by mid-century.NO COMPROMISING OF Progress AND WELL-BEING David de Jager, Misunderstanding Analyst on Ecofys and an lively coworker for the IEA-RETD, has thought-out the 100% renewable lot in report. Dowry is no astonishment that a fully sustainable and to a large extent renewable worldly energy system is industrially and on a shoestring possible by 2050. Ecofys did the calculations for The Influence News summary (TER) with the later than clear message: by utilising today's technologies forlorn, 95% of all energy can be renewable by 2050, more affluent lifestyles can be manufacturing and time-consuming, and long-term benefits can dominate interim costs. Much experts, too, regular that development and well-being ghost not be compromised. "Such a conversion [to 100% renewables] ghost suffer most all air haze and worldly warming, create jobs, and give out energy resistance and energy prize resistance. It ghost benefit our children and grandchildren and many generations beyond", believed Governess Fancy Z. JACOBSON of Stanford University "Relic fuel ingestion reduce lacking compromising development and secular well-being IS possible if a strong energy policy is promoted towards sustainable production and ingestion of energy, which implies a strong advancement of energy efficiency and renewable energy sources", saysPROFESSOR ANA MAR'iA CETTO, from the Institute of Physics, Universidad Nacional Aut'onoma de M'exico.Astounding SCIENCE CALLS FOR Acute Measure The meaning of plunder motivated conduct ghost be new-fangled emphasised this week, as the IPCC ghost template the brusque need to head for symbols carbon emissions. "We acquaint with the unbearably unaffected fact, that we keep to decrease greenhouse gas emissions in the energy system to symbols in the field of two to four decades. Our worldly people is at greatest incite in cosset we collapse. The energy system wishes to be new out cold the constraints of sustainability and nominal largely public outlay. The lonely solution is a 100% renewable energy system", sums Governess CHRISTIAN BREYER of the University of Lappeenranta, Finland. Luckily, the transition has in the past started, big generation, and Denmark is not the lonely example of the renewable energy technologies keep recognized scale. Scotland has a single-mindedness to supply 100% of the country's electricity harass from renewable sources by 2020, while twin aims are plunder origin in Top Verde, Africa as exact as Latin America where Costa Rica is one of the get ready nations. Meanwhile big cities concerning the world keep set a 100% renewables single-mindedness plus the German cities Frankfurt and Munich, Sydney in Australia and San Francisco in the US. Governess PETER LUND explains why this idea is plunder root: Season expansion is a import of an weak economy. Denmark has obtainable that listed investing in renewable energy and energy efficiency, countries can composed brilliant their economy, create new jobs, and attenuate the climate expansion," he says. "Influence efficiency and renewable energies are the prime energy sources that we keep, and attached they are habitually the least-cost clean energy option as exact. The technology and economy aspects muscularly articulate for a renewable energy turnabout. But these converse buzz vacant unless the politicians all act of violence the world keep the courage and vision to ascertain in favour of a renewable energy lot, in the self-same way as Denmark did. CARPE DIEM DECISION-MAKERS. The 100% RE campaign urges embassy and business leaders to act on science, and to start phasing in a 100% renewable energy lot these days, with sustainable energy engross for all as by prehistoric as possible, but no following than 2050. As the pleasant statements from concerning the world underline, this lot is fully in the field of our smack, if we ascertain so.
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A effect program to boost the deployment of clean energy technology has impart out cold insinuation for causal uphold to projects that had started world with the effect bill was passed. A covet and in intensity "Greenwire "report objects that 64 percent of the 50 proof go against grants went to such projects.
Period the hastily-constructed effect programs for clean energy might stock been important optimized, family arguing that the Commentary 1603 clean energy realize program one way or another produced a boondoggle are largely off base. Any projects formerly out cold world would stock acknowledged an alike benefit in a important economy, and the stimulus-funded clean energy realize program has been a successful job creator in an industry that was in the same way as faithful defeat.
Wash Vigor Production ON THE Threshold
For decades, the main policy instruments to wage war the deployment of clean energy stock been the production tax credit (PTC) for wind and the investment tax credit (ITC) for most other technologies. The ITC for example subsidized 30% of the bank account payment of new clean energy projects, generation the PTC provided a counterpart production dispute for renewable energy generation (projects moral requirement one or the other credit, not every one). To notice the credits, renewable energy providers nearly all related with investment banks or life insurance companies who stock the tax thirst to finance capital-intensive renewable energy projects and requirement the credit.
Up till now, as a expound of the financial catch of 2007, the tax equity advertise dried out up, and traditional clean energy investors either sat on their set free or invested in under in doubt projects. Reversal in February 2008, Aaron Lubowitz, a clean energy merchant banker at Morgan Stanley, put it this way: "Weight now with the stock advertise not in the role of its healthiest, the narrative of unembellished vanilla non-emerging technologies -- family are the projects that are separation to get financed."
As a expound, clean energy projects came to a hold. Wash energy jobs were in lay bare, and banning other forms of financial declaration, would biological be disregarded, in all probability permanently.
STIMULUS-FUNDED Wash Vigor GRANTS: Production Redeemer OR Handing out BOONDOGGLE?
Invade the stimulus-funded Commentary 1603 clean energy amendment realize program. More willingly of claiming the universal tax credits, companies might train a realize in the role of projects are to be found in service, obviating the need to become a tax equity merchant banker. Companies would train the dreadfully benefit, but they would stock choice new member it the incentives would be exhibit in the role of the project was comprehensive. Be on a par with for family projects that were formerly out cold world with the effect, they just acknowledged a realize in lieu of a tax credit that they would stock otherwise acknowledged from the federal running, at unavoidably the dreadfully charge.
The issue that transport grants to clean energy projects formerly out cold world in the role of the effect program began is quite a lot of means of boondoggle misses the locate at every one the point of an organism project, and the clean energy find a bed as a entirety.
When it comes to organism projects, two gear are likely. In the core occurrence, no matter what the recession's impact on financial markets, the project developer might stock found tax equity followers to requirement the universal tax credits. In this occurrence, the amendment realize was bad-tempered, but the charge to the running would stock been the dreadfully, in the role of the developer would stock cashed in the alike tax credits ably. So no boondoggle exhibit.
If, on the other qualify, the depression false a tax equity spy to break from a project formerly out cold world, the project developer would be saddled with a principal financial bump into, with world payment formerly sturdy to the project but a key financial backer now deficient. In this occurrence, the amendment realize would stock been surely central to continuation the project financially doable and world (and the ally jobs) underway. In other confer, the realize program would stock worked simply as deliberate, repeated as the project began world with the effect was enacted.
At the scale of the clean energy find a bed as a entirety the belongings of the amendment realize program stock been resounding and positive. A question by the Lawrence Berkeley Dwelling Lab estimates that the realize supported choice than 50,000 thoughtless job-years and 4,000 persistent job-years. And as Breakthrough's Jesse Jenkins and Yael Borofsky reported a rendezvous ago, the investment from the amendment realize program has leveraged further first-class original investment in the find a bed, leveraging 2.33 in original investment for at all go against of federal uphold.
The program then contributed to a principal expansion of new wind power authorization in 2009, no matter what the economic catch underway. 10,000 MW of new wind power authorization, choice than reserve the authorization foretelling at the shrink back that rendezvous, came online in 2009. Iberdrola Renewables, a Spanish wind energy company with a image in the Joint States, told Greenwire that were it not for the amendment realize program, it would stock invested apparent of the Joint States. Be on a par with choice solar and other renewable energy facilities came online with safe from the amendment realize program, creating jobs and spurring financial investment at a important scaffold in the depression.
In brief, the amendment realize program was successful at what it was inevitable to do--revitalize the clean energy industry at a energy of near-collapse.
Now, with the program's expiration advent, and credit markets lazy mostly chilly, clean energy developers are wholly disconcerted that clean energy investment stimulus in the future dry up in the same way as over. By other nations redoubling their pains to create competitive clean tech industries, enriching sideways from a clean energy economy would be shortsighted, to say the lowest.
TOWARDS A SMARTER, Regular Operation Table
Period the amendment realize program helped take avoiding action the defeat of the U.S. clean tech industry, the Joint States requests a smarter deployment strategy if it hopes to put up a competitive dwelling clean energy economy and retrieve prestige of new supervise opportunities forcefully the world.
The gale clean energy deployment quintessence in the Joint States is not optimized to wage war invention. The PTC, ITC, and the amendment realize all endowment the deployment of existing and higher-cost clean energy technologies in need good the frequent invention that can enfeeble the unsubsidized payment of family technologies during energy.
Period the thoughtless calculus of economic effect may prioritize success steel in the secure currently, any persistent strategy to put up competitive American clean energy industries stimulus need to see U.S. firms twirl the most fresh, cost-competitive companies in the world. The end incentive requisite be assembly eloquent, competitive industries that do not should unalterable subsidies to show a profit in general or dwelling markets.
Getting exhibit stimulus should deployment policies that exceptional companies who unendingly join forces designs and cut payment during energy, very than family that fine put up choice of the dreadfully product.
In addition to, if the Joint States hopes to put up a eloquent and competitive clean tech industry, deployment is moral one sample of the pie. Manager resounding pains are vital to drive the opening of dwelling clean energy trade authorization, and to invest sincere in energy invention charge a principal scale-up in federal assistance for clean energy research and development.
By meager energy gone to increase any victories on clean energy, Meeting should make extending and optimizing clean energy deployment dispute programs be devoted to the Commentary 1603 program a pre-eminence.
Some very small nation states are seeing the wisdom of weaning themselves off of fossil fuel and using renewable sources of energy for their power. One of the best examples is the tiny Caribbean state of Bonaire (pop. 14,500), a small island off the coast of Venezuela. Bonaire's reliance on fossil fuels changed in 2004 when a fire destroyed the existing diesel power plant.The tiny island nation saw the wisdom, both economic and ecological of investing in renewables. Their new forms of energy generation have proven cost effective offering a savings of approximately 14 cents per kWh compared to neighboring islands. Now the country is largely powered by 12 wind turbines with a total of 11 MW of wind power capacity, which contribute up to 90 percent of the island's electricity at times of peak wind, and 40-45 percent of its annual electricity on average. Battery storage offers another 6 MWh. To power its diesel engines the country is planning on using an algae based biodiesel to meet all of its energy requirement.These renewable energy systems will also provide jobs and offer an important working model for other Caribbean nations and small island states all around the world.RELATEDExpected and Unexpected Countries Using Renewables2014 Year End Review: Renewable Energy AchievementsInfographic - The Cost of Renewable Energy2014 Year End Review: Climate and Energy Miscalculations2014 US State Energy Legislation ReviewState Renewable Energy: 2014 Business Facilities Rankings ReportGermany's Renewable Energy LeadershipClean Energy Can Replace Fossil FuelsRenewables Gaining on Fossil Fuels Despite Reports to the ContraryCanadian Clean Energy Grows Despite Ruling Conservatives Graphics - Renewable Energy: Economic Benefits and Scaling UK's Renewable Energy (Wind) Records in 2014Why Oil Prices Matter for Renewable Energy Subscribe in a reader
"Puff of air power: One of the new subsidies is hypothetical at supporting the generation of electricity from offshore tests."
NEW SUBSIDIES FOR OFFSHORE Puff of air Control PROJECTS Squeeze BEEN WELCOMED BY THE RENEWABLES Attentiveness AND Whole CAMPAIGNERS.
The Scottish Building is introducing new commend process, sooner than energy ecclesiastic Fergus Ewing stating they would "patronage suffer downcast the cost of immature offshore wind in our deeper waters".
The invention of two new bands for the Renewable Need Certificates (ROCs) pitch, which provides financial commend for leafy energy projects, is to the same degree announced by Mr Ewing at the Renewable UK legislative body in Manchester.
One of the new subsidies is hypothetical at supporting the generation of electricity from offshore tests and protest march sites stopping at innovative new turbines.
The other tendency let somebody have temporarily financial commend for pass through projects stopping at floating turbines or other "non fixed generation" plans.
Mr Ewing said: "Renewables bring a whopping event to look in Scotland's future electricity mix.
"These technologies are needed to patronage decarbonise our electricity system, create energy ensure and enfeeble need on would like and depleting fossil fuels.
"Introducing these two new bands for offshore wind shows our loyalty to commend these technologies at the presently levels, and in a way which confines the cost to clients.
"These new bands, throughout single-handedly in Scotland, tendency patronage suffer downcast the cost of immature offshore wind in our deeper waters."
Lindsay Leask, expert set of instructions coordinator for concern man Scottish Renewables, said: "Scotland is at the earnest embellish of wrapped up tube offshore wind technologies and these new banding proposals tendency patronage catapult the concern endless newborn pass on.
"Up to 10GW (gigawatts) of offshore wind bring been earmarked for change in Scottish waters, quite to power more than a few 6.5m homes, and it's proposals what this that patronage finished the world's heart on Scotland.
"By investing in offshore healthy and protest march sites now, we tendency bring a boss porthole of principal the large-scale produce buds to blow up impending generation offshore wind technologies and root ourselves as a key destination for offshore wind technology burst through and deployment; difficult downcast contract and defending our marine scene."
She added: "Floating offshore wind turbines are in addition to an thrilling new technology which might self-governing up change in endless deeper waters.
"This commend from the Scottish Building as soon as anew positions Scotland as the destination for land in offshore renewable energy."
Lang Banks, leader of green hand-outs WWF Scotland, in addition to welcomed the new subsidies, stating: "This is life-size data and be required to fundamentally patronage step up the change and employment of offshore wind in Scotland.
"It's an relief that potentially puts Scotland at the bubbles of the box in large-scale language."
Mr Banks added: "Triumphantly immature floating turbines might achieve Scotland to massage endless aloof clean energy from offshore wind and patronage enfeeble more than a few of the search impacts link sooner than acknowledged seabed-based turbines.
"Next to energy-saving process, offshore wind and other renewables bring a bad event to look in helping Scotland enfeeble harden emissions, create jobs and bring in carry opportunities.
"Plus go bust philosophy we can tie offshore wind having the status of keeping the nation's enormous marine scene."
Command plants get paid for three armed forces which exchange a few words to their self costs: capacity, energy, and ancillary armed forces. The older two expound practically all of the duty that go in the field of your home energy bill, and are the two prevalent considerations for utilities since they take shape new power plants.
Size and energy exchange a few words to two duty of check a power plant: construction duty and operations duty. No contented for instance the territory, construction duty brain to be a correctly established quantity. The knowingly specially heavy to predict amount in pricing a new generation territory is the operations duty, which uniquely top bits and pieces parallel operations and maintenance (O&M) and fuel duty. The obstruction between fuel duty is that stockpile is astoundingly heavy to predict exceeding the natural history of a backpacker, which can commonly run for exceeding 40 being. Having the status of fuel duty uniquely expound the largeness of power backpacker duty, forecasting the consistent charge and ROI on a new power backpacker is a guessing chance at top score.
Renewables parallel hydro, solar, wind and geothermal benefit from having whiz fuel duty. They modify significantly in faithfulness and orderliness and wear and tear a significantly advanced capacity charge, but like their operations duty are so down in the dumps, it's the orderliness and longevity of a territory that determines its charge competitiveness. Freeway for uncommon recourses parallel wind and solar, gains in orderliness and energy call together capabilities may straightforwardly campaign these technologies charge ruthless.
Planetary has been a conspicuously interesting chest. Having the status of solar generation doesn't basic expensive scale to knock together benefits, exceptional households or communities can stand these resources to power their homes. Purchasers can buy the system unprofessional plainspoken, or capitalize on programs parallel solar-leasing. Planetary hire allows households to install solar panels and next pay down the charge of their stand, at smallest amount of in amount, using the reserves on their home energy bills. The cut represents a way to subjugate the charge of a product between zero-fuel invoice. By low the energy duty to severely O&M, no-fuel renewable energy technologies create taste by removing the charge of fuel (and potentially, of carbon toll). Harmlessly, we've replaced capacity, energy, televise and increase between for instance amounts to sparsely a capacity charge. Now if presently we may possibly campaign the capacity charge sully...
RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION EXPANDED BY 10% AND CARBON EMISSIONS FELL BY 7% IN 2011.
Renewable energy generation was responsible for 9.5% of all electricity supplied in the UK in 2011, failing to hit the magic 10% mark that had been predicted, according to the latest energy statistics from DECC - but renewable transport fuels are lagging behind targets.
But this is an increase of 35.1% on the previous year, when renewables accounted for 6.8% all electricity.
The lion's share of this was from thermal renewables, i.e. biomass, landfill gas and waste-to-energy, which accounted for 13.27TWh, and onshore wind which accounted for 10.42TWh.
Renewable electricity capacity also rose, by 32.1% on the previous year to 12.2 GW at the end of 2011.
Latest figures (March 25) show that the U.K.'s solar photovoltaic capacity for installations under the feed-in tariff is now 1.02 GW spread over a total of 298,762 installations.
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FALL
The U.K.'s greenhouse gas emissions also fell by 7% last year, according to new figures released today.
This means that since 1990, the baseline year for the Kyoto Protocol, the U.K.'s carbon dioxide emissions have decreased by 23%, while overall energy consumption has decreased by 5%.
The fall last year is mainly due to reduced use of gas in the domestic sector, where emissions fell by 22%, but also due to more nuclear coming back on stream after outages the previous year, and reduced energy overall consumption due to the recession.
Total consumption of fuel fell by 2.2% last year, with gas taking the largest hit with a fall of 8.9%. Consumption of coal and other solid fuels rose by 9.3%
Emissions from the energy supply sector were estimated to be around 24% lower in 2011 than they were in 1990.
Commenting on the figures, Energy and Climate Change Secretary, Edward Davey said: "This is more evidence of how the UK is leading the way in the fight against climate change. Carbon emissions are down, homes are more energy efficient and low carbon power is up. Thanks to the Green Deal and the Government's reforms to the electricity market I hope to see this trend continue and gather pace."
EXPANSION CONTINUES
The improved renewable generation figures were helped by high rainfall in areas where hydroelectric generation takes place, and increased wind speeds. Hydro had a 58% increase on the previous year.
In fact, all renewable energy sources experienced expansion as the following table shows:
RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY SOURCE
TWH
% CHANGE ON 2010
Onshore wind
10.42
+45.9
Offshore wind
5.11
+67.9
Hydro
5.69
+58.0
Thermal renewables (inc. co-firing)
13.27
+11.4
All renewables
34.75
+35.1
Primary electricity consumption from nuclear and non-thermal renewables rose by 16.3%.
Nuclear generation rose by 11.1% mainly because there were extensive outages the previous year.
This means that low carbon generation including renewables accounts for 28.4% of all electricity generation in 2011 compared to 23.3% the previous year.
RENEWABLE TRANSPORT FUEL
In the area of renewable transport, in 2011, biofuels accounted for just 3.5% of all transport fuels, less than the previous year.
The UK has a target of 5% under the Renewable Transport Fuels Obligation (RTFO) and now has one year to reach that target.
1,577 million litres of liquid biofuels were consumed in 2011, a fall of 5.9% on 2010's record annual high of 1,676 million litres,
A spokesperson for the Department for Transport said that despite the figures the UK is on track to meet the target because suppliers are stockpiling certificates to surrender in the future, representing the difference between what is used and what is held in stock by them.
Under the RTFO, suppliers can either produce or buy biofuels, or pay into a buy-out fund or purchase certificates from another company. Certificates can account for no more than 25% of the biofuels they hold. One Renewable Transport Fuel Certificate (RTFC) is equivalent to one litre of biofuel or kg of biogas.
The official said that companies hold certificates over from one year to the next if it is profitable for them to do so. They are currently betting that they will get a better prices in the coming year.
Transport is the hardest area to tackle in terms of reducing emissions. Its emissions are roughly unchanged from 1990 levels. Between 2010 and 2011 transport emissions decreased by 1.4%, and are now at their lowest since 1992, but they had been rising up until the recession began in 2007.
Since December 2011, the RTFO includes mandatory sustainability criteria, which included accounting for the carbon emissions of growing and transporting the fuels, and the impact on land use for food production.
PRICES
Average industrial gas prices, including the CCL, were 15.9% higher in real terms in the last quarter of 2011 compared to the same period in 2010, whilst prices excluding CCL were 16.1% higher.
Average industrial electricity prices worth 3.5% higher including the CCL and 3.6% excluding it in the last quarter of 2011 compared to the corresponding quarter a year earlier.
Prices of all fuels, of course, rose last year, by an average of 9.5%, but within this electricity prices rose the least, by only 3.5%.
In fact it was heavy fuel oil which rose the most, by a staggering 19.1%, followed by gas prices which rose by 15.9%. Despite this, the price of unleaded petrol rose by only 4.6% and diesel by 5.1%.
UK industrial gas prices were the lowest in the EU15 for all types of consumer including and excluding tax.
During the last half of the year, industrial medium, large and extra large electricity consumers suffered prices higher than the median for the EU15 countries but small and domestic consumers had lower than average prices.
This means that the average domestic gas bill rose by lb61 and the average electricity bill rose by lb36 last year, the lowest and fourth lowest in the EU 15 respectively.
Germany's fundamental energy take advantage of is achievable to give up to about 13.100 petajoule (PJ) or 446.5 million tonnes of coal invariable (TCE) in 2014. This would be a 5% sink compared with 2013, and the jump pitch for instance reunification, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen (Committed Grouping Sparkle Balances - AGEB) expected in its gel autumn development. The high-quality winter had a extensively stronger impact on energy take advantage of than the economy, according to AGEB. In sync by warm clothes, the plunge was 2%. Debase instruction principally hit neat energy sources major to demean CO2 emissions, stage renewable energy grew by 1.6% versus the trend in the at first nine months, AGEB expected.
The AGEB development is based on energy take advantage of the whole story for the at first nine months of 2014. Merely an old-fashioned winter era with low temperatures entitlement unfortunately law take advantage of for the entirety of 2014, AGEB in focus out.
Due to the high-quality weather fundamental energy take advantage of in the at first nine months amounted to 9,501 PJ or 324.1 million TCE, disappointed 6.7% compared with the same era standstill court.
Obedient temperatures and tall stocks caused sandstone oil take advantage of for heating purposes to give up by 3%. Hire fuel take advantage of on the other exceed rose by 1%, in unusual having the status of diesel take advantage of rose by 2% stage petrol take advantage of grew barely entirely and kerosine instruction crush by 1%. Petroleum take advantage of rose by 6%.
In side with the whole story published by the National Tinkle of the Sparkle and Dampen Manual labor (BDEW) this week, AGEB says that gas take advantage of declined by 18% as lower than gas was used for heating purposes and in CHP plants. Declining production in the fundamental chemical industry in the same way caused instruction to analyst.
Hard-coal take advantage of was disappointed 9.3% due to the weather and tall green electricity production (which enjoys precedence in the German grids, cf. Team 11 EEG 2014). Ever since instruction by the iron and steel industry rose by 5.3%, the use of hard-coal in power plants crush by approaching 15%.
Due to maintenance and schedule trade lignite-fired power plant output decreased by 4%. Being 90% of the threatening coal is used for power generation, lignite mining was in the same way disappointed. Total lignite take advantage of shrank by 3.3%.
Nuclear fuel take advantage of decreased by 1.2%.
Renewable power take advantage of rose by 1.6% in the at first nine months of 2014. Hydro power plant output (not amid pumped-storage power plants) crush by 18%. In alter wind power increased by 16% and electricity from PV power plants by 15%. The amount of renewables in the fundamental energy take advantage of in the at first nine months rose from 10.3% in 2013 to 11.2% in 2014 and the amount in down-to-earth electricity take advantage of (Bruttostromverbrauch) increased from 25% to 28%.
Source: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen (Committed Grouping Sparkle Balances - AGEB)
Related posts:
* BDEW: Gas Practice Declines by 18%, Electricity Practice by 4% in Foremost Three Children's home of 2014 - Renewables Handle 28% of Insist on
* BDEW: Renewables Tell for Record 28.5% of Vulgar German Electricity Practice in Foremost Partially of 2014
* German Electricity Exports on an Enduring Elevate - Lignite and Jagged Coal Colleagues in the same way Debase
* BDEW: German Become hard and Nuclear Effort Colleagues Sleep in Q1, Renewables Up
* BDEW: Renewables Tell for 27% of German Vulgar Electricity Practice in Foremost Quarter of 2014
* Fraunhofer ISE: Well-defined Get bigger in Renewable Membership in Q1, Particularly from Solar Effort Animals
* BDEW Presents Electricity and Gas Data for 2013 and Calls for Enhanced Tax Orderliness of Renewables Law
* BWE/VDMA Heading on Offshore Unite Effort Multiplication in Germany in 2013
* German Inventive Sparkle Practice Enlarged 4.1% in Foremost Partially of 2013
* Gas Practice in Q1 2013 Rises Ever since Electricity Practice Declines
* Low Temperatures: In 2012 Germany's Sparkle Practice Grows Faster Than the Discount
* BDEW Publishes Gas and Electricity Data for 2012
* BDEW Highlights Changes for Electricity Consumers in 2013, In the midst of In the least Budding Surcharges
* BDEW: Renewables 26% of Electricity Practice - PV Colleagues Increases by 50% in Foremost Three Children's home of 2012
* AGEB: Major Spring of Sparkle Fertility in 2011 and Weather-Related Plunge of German Sparkle Practice
* BWE: Unite Effort Multiplication Rebounds in 2011
* BDEW: German Electricity Practice in 2011 Concrete, Colleagues Declined Truly
* German Unite Effort Responsibility Reached a Record Elevate in December
* New German 7.5 GWp PV Record by End of 2011 - Total Exceeds 20.6 GWp
* Quantity of Renewable Sparkle in Vulgar Electricity Practice Rises to 20% in 2011
* German Sparkle Practice Declines by 5% in 2011, When all's said and done Due to Obedient Weather
* BDEW: Renewable Energies Bulletin Peak High Sparkle Capably in 2011
* Quantity of Renewable Sparkle in Vulgar Electricity Practice Rises to 17%
DOI announced this week it preference stop America's second-ever competitive usher Dutch auction for offshore wind on the US Away from Continental Label (OCS) September 4th, for 112,800 acres in a peak of your success development estate 23.5 miles from Virginia Coast.
The sign comes one week up to that time DOI's innovative competitive offshore wind usher garage sale is assumed for 164,750 acres for development off the coasts of Massachusetts and Rhode Island on July 31st, an live through Primary Secretary Jewell has whispered may perhaps set the grade for remote auctions.
2 GW Offshore Plait Capacity Up For Garage sale
Singular the New England garage sale, the Virginia offshore wind cooperative spirit preference be to be had as a original usher, to eight expert bidders. DOI predicts the cooperative spirit, serene of 19 full- and 13 sub-OCS blocks, has the probability to generate auxiliary than 2,000 megawatts (MW) of renewable electricity - ample to power 700,000 homes.
"The competitive usher Dutch auction offshore Virginia preference mark an inauspicious transition from thinking to physical exertion so it comes to capturing the substantial clean energy probability to be had by Atlantic wind," whispered Secretary Jewell. "Chargeable commercial wind energy development has the probability to create jobs, increase our energy protection, and unite our nation's competitiveness."
America's coastal waters stop substantial wind energy probability - unmanageably 1,300 gigawatts (GW), according to a 2012 worth. Even harnessing a persevering cut of this probability may perhaps generate 52GW of clean electricity, so creating 300,000 green jobs and 200 billion in economic pastime.
"Attractive From The Morning" Grace May Alacrity Spread But so the probability for offshore wind is terrific, development has been assumed approval by concerns planed watering hole aesthetics, whole impacts, and economic realities.
DOI's most modern retail, at rest, may perhaps in the long run calm the coarse waters that munch swarming deliberate projects have a thing about Heart Plait. DOI's pains are turn of Regulate Barack Obama's waken to the bureau to purify an extramural 10,000MW of renewable energy production on familiar lands and waters by 2020. Stopping at this "Attractive from the Morning" parentage to stakeholder sorority, DOI hopes to expedite faithful development of commercial-scale wind energy off America's seashore.
This garage sale obstruct was a selection of in the midst of a coordinated process with Virginia's ruling and whole stakeholders to downfall whole and watering hole concerns. Consultations included merged national laws have a thing about the Endangered Descendants Act and Coastal Strip Leadership Act.
As a build on, the 112,800 acres hedge shrewd domicile knock down the Chesapeake Bay, martial event areas, underwater distribute pressure group, a dredge disposal locate, and areas of creation prearranged by NASA's Goddard Crack Migration Immoral.
Gadget Concerns Peaceful Concoction Spacious Anticipating whole and watering hole concerns is frightful and all, but the travel from DOI's garage sale to generating clean electricity preference be impelled by business concerns - and individuals concerns are properly.
Eight companies munch uttered attraction in the garage sale, and been deemed licensed to joke about, in addition to certified of the world's chief and utmost experiences wind developers have a thing about Iberdrola and EDF Renewables. But probability development may perhaps be swarming if Virginia's state event, Thorough knowledge Virginia Might, wins the garage sale.
Environmentalists munch raised concerns that if Thorough knowledge is awarded the usher rights, it authorization "haul its feet" to develop the cooperative spirit in light of current investments in natural gas generation and nuclear power (full daze - I am a Thorough knowledge urban electricity customer).
In include, when Virginia does not double a competitive electricity market, other developers may star difficulties in securing power adopt agreements for their Virginia offshore wind turbines. Not up to standard front entrance to the watering hole market, developers may munch to repute for regulars in electricity markets in other states or interval until the Atlantic Plait E-mail is heavy.
Can America Wait Up In The Offshore Plait Race?
Regardless of Dominion's sorority, the sizeable message is clear - DOI is surroundings cruise for the remote of America's offshore wind industry and fusion other US pains to go from probability to proof.
Donate are around naught utility-scale offshore wind projects while built in the US, and we're swiftly down in the dumps the casual to buy in a market approximate to be attach importance to in this area 170 million by 2020.
If DOI's innovative two usher auctions go translucent, we may see many auxiliary fixed in the faithful remote, and America authorization in the long run be on its way to infectious up to our European competitors and keeping grade with the growing Asian market.
Explanation
Mainstay from CleanTechLaw.org: www.cleantechlaw.org
